TRK Fusion Cancer

TRK fusion cancer is caused by a genomic alteration; in this case it occurs when a neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene joins or “fuses” with another, unrelated gene. This alteration leads to an overexpression of a TRK fusion protein, which can cause the growth of a tumor.

What makes this cancer unique?

TRK fusion cancer is a very unique and rare disease and is defined by this specific gene alteration. The cancer is not related to a certain type of tissue or the age of the patient; it can occur anywhere in the body, in both children and in adults, across a broad range of tumor types, including cancers of the salivary gland, thyroid, lung, colon, appendix, breast and pancreas.

How can TRK fusion cancer be diagnosed?

Only specific genomic tests can detect NTRK gene fusions, the underlying cause of TRK fusion cancer. By testing patients and finding out what is driving their cancer, doctors could target the root of the disease. It is important that high-quality genomic testing that identifies actionable targets, such as RNA, NGS, or FISH, becomes part of routine clinical practice so patients have the chance to benefit from therapies that selectively inhibit the oncogenic driver that causes their cancer.

Why is genomic testing important for treating TRK fusion cancer?

By using genomic testing, it is possible to more precisely identify patients who could benefit from specific treatments for the identified molecular anomalies. There is a need to incorporate widespread testing for NTRK gene fusions into clinical practice so that patients with TRK fusion cancer may be treated effectively. It is crucial for all patients with solid tumors to undergo genomic testing to determine the underlying cause of the survival and spread of their tumors.